The 4% rule is a retirement income guideline suggesting you withdraw 4% of your portfolio each year to make your savings last around 30 years. While simple and widely quoted, it was based on historical U.S. data and does not account for individual tax situations, inflation variability, market sequencing risk, or cross-border retirement planning. It can be a useful starting point — but not a personalised strategy. Retirement income plans should be tailored to your assets, lifestyle needs, tax position,…

